ABSTRACT
Background: Educational environment refers to the material resources and interpersonal relationships of an educational institution. Aim: To describe the educational environment of a Peruvian medical school and to explore a possible association between curricular years and the educational environment. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using the Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM) to evaluate the educational environment of a Peruvian medical school. Data collection consisted in online surveys completed voluntarily by 1st through 6th year medical students between April and October 2015. Results: The questionnaire was completed by 828 of 2,421 (34.2%) students. The mean DREEM score was 117 ± 25.6 of a maximum of 200. A poorer perception of the educational environment was associated with later years in the curriculum, when analysis was adjusted for gender, age and academic status (p < 0.001). Conclusions: The educational environment of this medical school scored positively (> 100 points). However, it was evident that medical students in later curricular years had a more negative perception of the educational environment compared to those in earlier academic years.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Young Adult , Students, Medical , Curriculum , Education, Medical, Undergraduate/trends , Educational Measurement/methods , Perception , Peru , Schools, Medical , Cross-Sectional Studies , Surveys and QuestionnairesABSTRACT
RESUMEN El objetivo del estudio fue determinar las propiedades psicométricas del cuestionario Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM) en estudiantes de una facultad de Medicina peruana. Los participantes fueron los alumnos de primero a sexto año, invitados a participar mediante una plataforma web. En el análisis se utilizó el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach para evaluar consistencia interna. Además, se realizó un análisis factorial confirmatorio para evaluar la validez de constructo de las subescalas del DREEM. Los índices de bondad de ajuste utilizados fueron: error cuadrático medio de aproximación (RMSEA), el índice de ajuste comparativo (CFI), índice Tucker-Lewis (TLI) y el residuo estandarizado cuadrático medio (SRMR). Los resultados mostraron que la dimensión Autopercepción Social tuvo un alfa de Cronbach menor a 0,70. Además, los índices de bondad no apoyaron la estructura de cinco dimensiones del DREEM. Como conclusión, el cuestionario DREEM no tuvo un desempeño óptimo en esta muestra peruana.
ABSTRACT The objective of the study was to determine the psychometric properties of the Dundee Ready Education Environment Measure (DREEM) questionnaire in students of a Peruvian medical school. Participants were first-to-sixth-year students, invited to participate through a web platform. In the analysis the alpha coefficient of Cronbach was used to evaluate internal consistency. In addition, a confirmatory factorial analysis was performed to evaluate the construct validity of the subscales of the DREEM. The adjustment quality indexes used were: Root Mean Square Error Approximation (RMSEA), the Index of Benchmarking (CFI), Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI), and the Standardized Root Mean Residual (SRMR). The results showed that the social self-perception dimension had an alpha of Cronbach of less than 0.70. In addition, the quality indices did not support the five-dimensional structure of the DREEM. In conclusion, the DREEM questionnaire did not perform optimally in this Peruvian sample.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Students, Medical/psychology , Education, Medical , Self Report , Peru , Psychometrics , Cross-Sectional Studies , Education, Medical/standardsABSTRACT
El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la frecuencia y características de la dislipidemia en pacientes con VIH en terapia antirretroviral de gran actividad (TARGA) en un hospital público peruano. Se realizó un estudio transversal en pacientes que tuvieran un perfil lipídico completo luego de recibir al menos seis meses de TARGA. La dislipidemia se definió según los criterios NCEP-ATP III. Se revisaron 2975 historias clínicas, 538 (18.1%) fueron incluidas en el análisis. La frecuencia de dislipidemia fue 74.7%. Los esquemas de TARGA que incluían inhibidores de la proteasa (IP) (OR 1.22; IC95% 1,11-1,34) y la edad mayor de 40 años (OR 1.17; IC95% 1,06-1,29) mostraron asociación con dislipidemia, ajustado por carga viral, nivel de células CD4 y sexo. En conclusión, la dislipidemia fue muy frecuente en la muestra estudiada y estuvo asociada principalmente al uso de IP. Es necesario promover el control de la dislipidemia como parte de la atención integral del paciente con infección por VIH.
The objective of the study was to determine the frequency and characteristics of dyslipidemia in patients with HIV in highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in a Peruvian public hospital. A cross-sectional study was carried out in patients with complete lipid profile after receiving at least six months of HAART. Dyslipidemia was defined according to the criteria of the NCEP-ATP III. We reviewed 2 975 clinical histories, and included 538 (18.1%) in the analysis. The frequency of dyslipidemia was 74.7%. HAART regimens which include protease inhibitors (PI) (odds ratio [OR]: 1.22; confidence interval at 95% [CI 95%]: 1.11-1.33) and to be older than 40 years (OR: 1.17; CI 95%: 1.05-1.28) were associated with dyslipidemia, adjusted by viral load, CD4 lymphocyte level and gender. In conclusion, dyslipidemia was very common in our sample and was mainly associated with the use of PI. It is necessary to promote the dyslipidemia control as part of the comprehensive care of the patient with HIV.
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , HIV Infections/complications , HIV Infections/drug therapy , Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active/adverse effects , Dyslipidemias/chemically induced , Dyslipidemias/epidemiology , Peru , Cross-Sectional Studies , Hospitals, PublicABSTRACT
Introducción: La obesidad infantil ha sido considerada como una epidemia según Organización Mundial de la Salud. La obesidad infantil puede llevar en un futuro cercano a problemas metabólicos importantes. Por eso es importante la detección precoz. Eso nos lleva a ver las características de obesidad en los niños más pequeños y empezar a explorar algunas relaciones que nos permitan a futuro mejores estudios para delinear nuevos enfoques de diagnóstico precoz. Objetivo: Describir el perfil lipídico, el índice de HOMA y perímetro abdominal en niños obesos pre púberes de 5 a 12 años atendidos por el servicio de endocrinología en el Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño en el periodo comprendido entre Enero y Diciembre del 2010. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo- retrospectivo. La recolección de datos se realizó a partir de las historias clínicas. Nuestras variables principales fueron perfil Lipídico (Colesterol Total, HDL, LDL, Triglicéridos), Perímetro abdominal e índice Homa para evaluar la resistencia a la Insulina. El análisis estadístico se realizó mediante el programa SPSS v.18. Población: niños obesos pre púberes de 5 a12 años atendidos en el servicio de Endocrinología del Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño(INSN) durante el periodo comprendido entre Enero y Diciembre del año 2010...
Introduction: Childhood obesity has been regarded as an epidemic by the World Health Organization. Childhood obesity can lead in the near future important metabolic problems. That's why early detection is important. That brings us to see the feature of obesity in young children and begin to explore some relationships that will enable future studies to delineate best new approaches for early diagnosis. Objective: To describe the lipid profile, HOMA index and waist circumference in obese prepubertal children of 5-12 years who attended the service of endocrinology at the National lnstitute of Child Health in the period between January and December 2010. Materials Subject(s)
Humans
, Male
, Female
, Child
, Endocrinology
, Obesity
, Pediatrics
, Insulin Resistance
, Epidemiology, Descriptive
, Retrospective Studies
, Observational Studies as Topic
, Medical Records